Free Essays on Pi Number

A mostly secret refrain in the holy book peruses â€Å"And he made a liquid ocean, ten cubits from the one edge to the next; it was round about, and his tallness was five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits compassed it about (I Kings 7, 23).† This entry from the holy book exhibits the old idea of the silly number pi. Pi in certainty is referenced in various stanzas all through the book of scriptures. In II Chronicles 4,2, in the section portraying the structure of the extraordinary sanctuary of Solomon which was worked around 950BC, pi is given as equivalent to three. This worth isn't exact at all and ought not be viewed as precise for it’s time, anyway it ought to be noticed that exactness was not required for the assignment that was being performed and we should let the general idea of pi that the scriptural characters gangs intrigue us. Present information recommends that the idea of pi originally created in 2000 BC in two separate societies. The Babylonians utilize d pi at an estimation of 25/8 while a totally extraordinary culture, the antiquated Egyptians utilized pi at an estimation of 256/81. While the scriptural estimation of pi=3 no doubt originated from rough estimation, there is solid motivation to accept, as a result of the general exactness of the qualities, that the Babylonians and Egyptians discovered pi by methods for numerical conditions. In the Egyptian Rhind Papyrus, which is dated around 1650 BC, there is solid proof supporting that the Egyptians utilized 4(8/9)2 =3.16 for their estimation of pi. By then ever, and for most of present day history, pi was not seen as a nonsensical number as it is today. The following society that researched pi was the antiquated Greeks. Beginning in 434 BC Greeks were unwinding the secrets of pi. The mathematician Anaxagoras tried to discover pi, which he called squaring the hover and in 414 BC, 20 years after Anaxagoras flopped in his endeavor to square the circle, Aristophanes alludes to craft ed by Anaxagoras in his satire... Free Essays on Pi Number Free Essays on Pi Number A mostly secret section in the book of scriptures peruses â€Å"And he made a liquid ocean, ten cubits from the one edge to the next; it was round about, and his stature was five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits compassed it about (I Kings 7, 23).† This entry from the holy book exhibits the antiquated idea of the silly number pi. Pi in actuality is referenced in various refrains all through the good book. In II Chronicles 4,2, in the section depicting the structure of the extraordinary sanctuary of Solomon which was worked around 950BC, pi is given as equivalent to three. This worth isn't exact at all and ought not be viewed as exact for it’s time, anyway it ought to be noticed that exactness was not required for the errand that was being performed and we should let the general idea of pi that the scriptural characters forces intrigue us. Present information proposes that the idea of pi initially created in 2000 BC in two separate societies. The Babylonians utilized pi at an estimation of 25/8 while an altogether extraordinary culture, the antiquated Egyptians utilized pi at an estimation of 256/81. While the scriptural computation of pi=3 in all probability originated from unrefined estimation, there is solid motivation to accept, in light of the general precision of the qualities, that the Babylonians and Egyptians discovered pi by methods for numerical conditions. In the Egyptian Rhind Papyrus, which is dated around 1650 BC, there is solid proof supporting that the Egyptians utilized 4(8/9)2 =3.16 for their estimation of pi. By then ever, and for most of present day history, pi was not seen as an unreasonable number as it is today. The following society that researched pi was the antiquated Greeks. Beginning in 434 BC Greeks were unwinding the secrets of pi. The mathematician Anaxagoras tried to discover pi, which he called squaring the hover and in 414 BC, 20 years after Anaxagoras flopped in his endeavor to square the circle, Aristophanes alludes to crafted by Anaxagoras in his parody...

Managing in the global economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Overseeing in the worldwide economy - Essay Example Subsequently it turns out to be fundamental to contemplate the physical and cultural conditions when opening and worldwide business. Overseeing in a worldwide situation implies oversee individuals who are isolated by time and separation as well as by social, social, and language contrasts. The fundamental test here is to incorporate and facilitate these people in manners that will guarantee achievement. Furthermore, it is critical to be touchy to and regard the social contrasts. Individuals from various societies will in general misconstrue every others practices or generalization individuals from different nations. Portfolio venture esteems and incomes are influenced when political change causes unforeseen discontinuities in the business condition. This is the Robock and Simmonds (1973) meaning of political hazard. They are additionally influenced by the dangers that remember potential limitations for the exchange of assets, items, innovation and individuals, vulnerability about approaches, guidelines, legislative authoritative strategies, and, at last, hazards on control of capital, for example, oppression outside firms, seizure, constrained neighborhood shareholding, and so forth. Wars, upsets, social changes, strikes, financial development, expansion and trade rates all figure in the political hazard writing and, clearly, are equipped for influencing portfolio venture just as immediate speculation. Net National Income includes the all out estimation of merchandise and ventures delivered inside a nation (for example its Gross Domestic Product), along with its salary got from different nations (eminently intrigue and profits), less comparative installments made to different nations. For instance, if a British-claimed organization working in another nation sends a portion of their earnings (benefits) back to UK, the UK’s GNI is improved. Contingent upon the specific nation conditions, FDI may build the host nation capital stock, acquire new advancements and lift GNI development rates (and henceforth GNI per capita). Swelling

Stove-Cook Your Oatmeal and Never Look Back

Stove-Cook Your Oatmeal and Never Look Back Oatmeal cooked on the stove is so good. I wouldn’t know this, but a few days ago a fuse broke and all the outlets in our kitchen stopped working. Here is our kitchen, which is probably not the kitchen you’d imagine belongs to two MIT grads and a master’s student:   Here, on the right wall of the kitchen, is our fuse box:   Do you know about fuses? I did not know about fuses. I still don’t. You might notice that the bottom left fuse does not have a tab, it has a spring. It turns out the stove is on a different fuse, and for that we are very lucky. Here’s how you cook oatmeal on the stove. You boil a cup of milk. You can hear it boil over from a few rooms away. Burning milk smells amazing. You turn the heat down and add half a cup of one-minute oats and you stir sometimes. I haven’t figured out if stirring is important. When the milk is mostly gone you have oats. The cooked oats stick to the pot, but they come off in a film on their own after you soak them, and cleaning is easy after that.   I learned today that the microwave oven was accidentally created in 1945, and intentionally made available in a 600-pound, 3,000-watt, $3,000 form in 1947. The first food cooked in a microwave oven, on accident, was a candy bar, then popcorn, on purpose. Our microwave oven came from our friend Paula J. ‘14 when she moved in with friends who already had one. There are four TED talks I watched last night at 2:something am, about a day after we discovered that the fuse was blown and, I guess, didn’t do anything about it, that I want to share with you, especially if you were just not accepted by MIT for undergraduate admissions or if you are, like me, on the edges of weighty but possibly inconsequential (or not?) career decisions and feeling indecisive or stuck. You might not think knowing how to stove-cook oatmeal is a useful skill. I disagree, even though the directions are written on the box, but it’s probably not that useful, not really. What is useful is being able to swap out microwave for stove, metaphorically, and unwaveringly pursuing your goals when the in-between steps don’t fall into place, whether those goals are making breakfast or something bigger, like making sure that everyone in the world can have breakfast or building cities or improving existing cities or making better fuses or writing books or getting ahead of pathogens. (If I were cooler, it would be good to actually replace the broken fuse, which is probably a metaphor for addressing my misconceptions about happiness and success and life purpose, but that’s, like, not in NP.) MIT won’t make you rich. It won’t hand you success. It won’t even set you on a unwavering path toward it. When I look toward my future I see a flat, terrifying expanse of adult life stretched before me. There are no longer any obvious mountains to climb. I can walk in any direction, or switch directions, for any amount of time, toward horizons whose features I can’t see from here. I can raise or raze my own mountains and plant my own landmarks, if I want to. I have no idea where I’m standing right now, but everything seems to be telling me that I’ll get farther, wherever I’m going, if I just start running, and I am guessing that so will you. In other words, if you are lucky enough to have a singular greater vision or motivation behind applying to MIT, chase it. Don’t let the switch of a single stepping stone for another one disrupt your dreams and the progress you’ve already made. If not, pick one, do it faster than me, and don’t look back. (Update: we replaced the fuse and the outlets still don’t work.) (Update: there were two fuses blown! The top right one had its metal all ripped apart. Our kitchen works again! What a lovely metaphor.)

Indonesian Demographic Transition Essay - 1563 Words

Introduction The effects of population control programs on demographic change were not instant, and it takes long serious effort to encourage the improvement of economic development in a country. According to Paul J. Gertler (1994, p. 33), â€Å"Population control is a key element in a country’s ability to maintain and improve its economic and social welfare†. Furthermore, this paper intends to explain why the change of population structure has an effect on the society’s economic condition in Indonesia with examining the demographic variables. This short paper is aimed to support the hypothesis that the demographic variables are important influential factors on the economic development and significantly affect on the social welfare in†¦show more content†¦2006, p. 18). Thus the Indonesian population reached the conditions which sustain on the other development supporting factors. In general, Indonesia has been considered successful to reduce fertility and mortality rates. The total fertility rate (TFR) in Indonesia decreased significantly from the average of 5.6 children per female in 1971 to 4.6 in 1980, from about 3.3 in 1987 decreased to 3.02 in 1990 and continuously dropped to 2.8 in 1994. From 1997 to 2002, according to Indonesia Demographic and Health survey 2002 (IDHS 2002, 2003), the TFR was 2.7 and declined to 2.6 children per female. Figure 1 Sources: IDHS 2002 technical report series monograph no.111 Meanwhile, the crude death rate in Indonesia in 1970 was 17, 7.9 in 1988, increased slightly to 9 in 1990 and dropped to only 6 in 2006. Furthermore, the infant mortality rate declined from 67 per 1,000 life birth in 1988, 56 in 1990, to 52 in 2000 (Demographic Indicators: Indonesia, http://www.unicef.org). The decline in mortality rates in Indonesia were caused by better standard of living, better families’ health and better education which are also caused by family welfare improvement. Since the Indonesian government has already succeeded in lowering theShow MoreRelatedThe Reform And Implementation Of A New Defined Benefit Public Pension System1657 Words   |  7 PagesDC schemes allow participants to withdraw some of their funds for acceptable reasons. Therefore these schemes can double as an emergency fund. DB (Jaminan Pensiun) Implemented in the 2015 reform, Jaminan Pensiun (JPN) fills the 1st Pillar of the Indonesian pension system. JPN was designed to be a funded central DB scheme managed by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. In DB schemes, pension benefits rely heavily on contribution periods and â€Å"final† salaries; therefore the benefits are usually non-actuarial. HenceRead MoreEconomic and Social Change in Indonesia2179 Words   |  9 Pageseconomic and social change within the region. (Cameron 1999) The crisis, which worked its way through many of the South East Asian countries, was signified by the collapse of the Thai baht in the middle of 1997. During the second half of the year, the Indonesian central bank attempted to hold off pressure on its currency, the rupiah. Interest rates quadrupled and the rupiah depreciated by about 60%. In January 1998, the rupiah collapsed. It lost about 75% of its value in a matter of a few days. The collapseRead MoreHuman Consumption Is Depleting The Earth s Natural Resources And Impairing The Capacity Of Life Supporting Ecosystems1389 Words   |  6 Pagesdemands for food, fresh water, timber, fibre and fuel. Such consumption, together with world popula tion increasing from 2.6 billion in 1950 to 6.8 billion in 2009, are major contributors to environmental damage.(Human population growth and the demographic transition). Strengthening family-planning services is crucial to slowing population growth, now 85 million annually,(Essential Environment, Human Population,page 118) and limiting population size to 9.2 billion by 2050. Otherwise, birth rates couldRead MoreRetail Market Feasibility Report Indonesia Essay5508 Words   |  23 Pagesthe key finding to assist Wiggo Retail Plc in the development of their expansion plan in Indonesia. This report provides in depth look into Wiggo current business strategy and Indonesian grocery retail market condition in order to assess the feasibility and provide strategic marketing plan for Wiggo to enter Indonesian market. Key to this plan is the opportunity of business in Indonesia as an emerging market and top 10 most attractive destinations for FDI in UNCTAD’s World Investment ProspectsRead MoreCentral Bank Of Indonesi Indonesia1436 Words   |  6 Pages Part 2: Indonesia Transition Indonesia in the fall of 2014 is in a recessionary phase. The GDP dropped from 6.48 in 2011 to a 5.78 in 2013. In addition to that, unemployment has increased from a 5.31 percent in 2011 to a 6.41 percent in 2013. This recession could be caused in part by the high rate of poverty in Indonesia. Currently about 24% of Indonesia’s population lives under the poverty line. The severity of this issue is reflected in the widening gap between the rich and the poor in IndonesiaRead Morecustomer satisfaction towards Tupperware product4793 Words   |  20 Pagescommission and rewards for their consultants. In recent years, Tupperware in North America has moved to a new business model which includes more emphasis on direct marketing channels and eliminated its dependency on authorized distributorships. This transition included such strategies as selling through  Target  stores in the US, and Superstores in Canada, with disappointing results. Tupperware states this hurt direct sales.[16]  In countries with a strong focus on marketing through parties (such as  Germany  and  Australia/NewRead MorePolicy-makers and Demographic Patterns2871 Words   |  12 PagesThe term demography originates from Greek literally translating as ‘people writing’, and, hence refers to the statistical study of human population and its vital statistics: birth, death and migration rates. However, changes in the demographic trends not only involve the study of changes in population size, but also its structure and distribution - as, for example, its age, gender and ethnical distribution. It, therefore, can be equally applied to macro and micro level analysis, where the formerRead MoreA Concise Economic History Of The World1857 Words   |  8 Pagessound policies, the GDP per capita risen to a well above pre-crisis level, the banking system had to be restored to reasonable health, and public debt was on a declining path. This had all occurred as Indonesia also went under a historic political transition. Nonetheless, the government also had to manage the aftermath from a tsunami and steep rise in international oil prices and interest rates. In 2005, while the prospects for Indonesia seemed bright over the medium term, the economy at that timeRead MoreBurger King1894 Words   |  8 Pageslooking for a new palm oil supplier for the 176 Burger King restaurants supplied by Sinar Mas, and would be notifying its suppliers that it plans to discontinue the use of palm oil supplied by the company. The audit also found that SMART had violated Indonesian law on forest management, and launched operations on almost 38,000 hectares (94,000 acres) of land on Borneo before mandatory environmental studies had been completed, reports AFP. The company also planted palm oil crops in high-value deep peatlandRead MoreBurger King1905 Words   |  8 Pageslooking for a new palm oil supplier for the 176 Burger King restaurants supplied by Sinar Mas, and would be notifying its suppliers that it plans to discontinue the use of palm oil supplied by the company. The audit also found that SMART had violated Indonesian law on forest management, and launched operations on almost 38,000 hectares (94,000 acres) of land on Borneo before mandatory environmental studies had been completed, reports AFP. The company also planted palm oil crops in high-value deep peatland

Essay on Shell Company Oil Spills in Nigeria - 4561 Words

SHELL COMPANY OIL SPILLS IN NIGERIA By MOHAMMAD MOHIB SIDDIQI H00034532 Executive Summary Shell is one of the global energy and petroleum companies around the world. The strategy of Shell Company is to generate more profit for the organization and to move forward the business investments so that Shell Company is sustaining a competitive situation in the Global market and to provide revenues to the shareholders by meeting the global demand. Shell Company believes that oil and gas will remain one of the integral needs of global energy for economic development and Shell Company role is to provide the global with the high standard oil and gas without out harming the†¦show more content†¦According to Shell Global (n.d.) one of the largest branches of Shell Company is Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) in Nigeria which has joint venture with Nigerian Government’s Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). The ratios are divided in a method of 55% to Nigerian Government, 30% to Shell Company, 10% to ELF Petroleum Nigeria Ltd and 5% to AGIP. The opera tion of SPDC in Nigeria has added $38 billion to the Nigerian Government in the past five years (2007-2011) together with the taxes and royalty payments. The Nigerian Government receives 95% of its profit from SPDC onshore oil and gas production in Niger Delta. In relation to Shell Company’s relation following are some key aspects. 1.1.1 Ethical Standards and Code of Conduct: The outlay of Shell Company’s ethical standards and issues are noted under the Company’s ethical code of conduct. The Shell Company employees cannot make decision which can involve conflict of interest. It is written in code of ethics that the employees of Shell Company cannot receive gifts or payments from the contractors or other involved parties with Shell Company. The employees should behave fairly with the customers and should understand the nature of their diverse work and should never discriminate. The employees of Shell Company cannot take part in financial interest activities. They are strictly forbidden to interact with theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Shell Nigeria1322 Words   |  6 Pages Shell Nigeria nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1958 the Royal Dutch/Shell Group started drilling for, transporting and refining oil in Nigeria. Nigeria’s large supply of high quality crude oil helped Shell climb to the top, by 1994 Shell made more money than other company in the world. Everything changed for Shell in 1996 when the world became aware of their unethical business practices in Nigeria. 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Historic overview Free Essays

The story of the Ritz-Carlton begins with Swiss hotelier Cesar Ritz who was well known in the hotel industry as the â€Å"king of hoteliers and hotelier to kings. † Mr. Ritz redefined luxury accommodation in Europe with his management of The Ritz in Paris and The Carlton in London. We will write a custom essay sample on Historic overview or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although he died in 1918, his wife Marie continued the tradition of opening hotels in his name. The Ritz-Carlton Investing Company was established by Albert Keller, who bought and franchised the name in the United States. The original Ritz-Carlton hotel was built in Boston, Massachusetts, and opened on May 19, 1927 with a room rate of $15 per night. It became known as the hotel to kings, queens, movie stars, and tycoons: Prince Charles, Irving Berlin, Bette Davis, and Howard Hughes were just a few of its notable guests. Additional locations soon opened in New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Atlantic City and Boca Raton, but all these locations did not survive the Great Depression and by 1940 only The Ritz-Carlton Boston remained. The Wyner Years: 1927-1964 On October 1926, 29-year-old Edward N. Wyner bought a third-acre parcel at the corner of Arlington and Newbury streets and formed a partnership called The Ritz-Arlington Trust with his father, George, and business associate, John S. Slater. The trust sold $2. 1 million of bonds to finance the construction of a hotel to be called the Mayflower. The 18-story, 201-foot brick building, designed by Strickland, Blodget Law Architects, was far taller than anything else along Newbury Street at the time. Construction had started on the second floor when Wyner was persuaded by then-Mayor James Michael Curly to make the Mayflower a world-class, 300-room Ritz-Carlton Hotel, which opened May 19, 1927. Room rates were $5 to $15 per night; $40 per night for suites. After a hugely successful opening, the stock market crash of 1929 and ensuing Depression brought financial difficulties. The Wyner family funded the hotel’s operating losses during the early 1930s, although the interest on the bonds went unpaid. Still in 1933, when only 30 guests were registered in the hotel, Wyner turned on the lights in every guest room to give the appearance the hotel was full. Wyner died of a heart attack on Dec. 5, 1961. His six sons tried to continue operation of the hotel, but it was too difficult, and a decision was made to sell. The Blakeley Years: 1964-1983 The unpaid interest on the bonds dissuaded many from trying to buy the hotel. But Cabot, Cabot Forbes principal Gerald F. Blakeley Jr. was interested. After more than a year of legal work, Hale and Dorr succeeded at clearing the bond obligations, and in October 1964 Blakeley and associates Paul Hellmuth and Charles Spaulding acquired the Ritz-Carlton Boston for $3. 8 million. â€Å"Out of the 20 years I owned it, it made money three years. The other years it broke even, but from a public relations standpoint for CCF, it was a tremendous asset,† said Blakeley, who completed a 19-story Ritz-Carlton luxury condominium complex on land adjacent to the hotel in 1981. In the late 1960s Blakeley obtained the rights to the Ritz-Carlton name in North America (with the exception of Montreal and New York). In June 1978, Blakeley was awarded the rights and privileges of the Ritz-Carlton trademark in the United States and was given a US Service Mark Registration. In August 1983, Johnson Properties bought the Ritz Boston and US trademark for $75. 5 million and established the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. In 1988, Johnson subsequently obtained the exclusive rights to the Ritz name throughout the world (except for the 210-room Hotel-Ritz Paris and the Ritz-Carlton in Montreal). The Corporate Years: 1983-1999 Johnson grew the company from the One Ritz-Carlton Boston to 30 hotels worldwide in just 10 years. He obtained financing to do so from Manufacturers Hanover Trust of New York in 1983 in the amount of $85 million secured by the Ritz-Carlton Boston. This loan was refinanced in 1989 by Manhattan Tops USA of New York for $136. 5 million and again in 1994 by Sumitomo Bank of Japan. By 1996, this mortgage was in default and the interest and penalties brought the total debt to $214. 8 million. By splitting this mortgage note into three parts, Sumitomo Bank was able to unbundle the Ritz Boston from the trademark rights to the Ritz brand worldwide. Blackstone Real Estate Acquisitions of New York bought the Ritz-Carlton Boston at auction for $75 million in February 1998. A month later, Host Marriott Corp. of Bethesda, Maryland, acquired the hotel from Blackstone for $100 million. Marriott International Inc. , which franchises and manages Marriott’s 325,000 rooms, bought the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. and rights to the Ritz-Carlton name worldwide from W. B. Johnson for $290 million in a two-part transaction completed in 1998. Millenium Purchase In 1998, Christopher Jeffries, founding partner of Millennium Partners, obtained Ritz franchises from Marriott for four hotel properties under construction: two in Washington, one in New York City, and one in Atlanta, Georgia. In addition, Jeffries was searching for a brand affiliation for the new 155-room hotel and 270-luxury condominiums he was constructing as part of Boston’s 1. 8 million-square-foot Millennium Place, a mixed-use complex on lower Washington Street. Because of noncompetition clauses, the only way he could obtain a second Ritz flag in Boston was to own the existing Ritz. Millennium Partners acquired the original Ritz-Carlton Boston for $122 million (though it had sold for just $75 million less than two years prior) and spent $50 million for renovations. Marriott agreed to allow the Ritz affiliation for the condominium complex, which will be known as The Residences at the Ritz-Carlton, and share all of the services of the hotel. In 1999, when Millennium Partners of New York, the new owners of the original Ritz-Carlton Boston, announced that the company was building a second Ritz-Carlton in Boston (the now-completed 193-room Ritz-Carlton, Boston Commons), there was much local disapproval. A member of the old guard summed up: â€Å"The movement of a name from one place to another doesn’t do it. There would never be that special atmosphere; a grace, decency, and ambiance that once existed. † Millennium Partners admitted they had no intentions of trying to duplicate the Ritz. Taj Purchase In October 2002, The Ritz-Carlton Boston celebrated its 75th Anniversary with a major restoration to bring the facility 21st century amenities while maintaining its 20th century decor. The Ritz-Carlton Boston has been in continuous operation since it opened in 1927. The property is a Boston landmark and anchors fashionable Newbury Street and the picturesque Boston Public Garden located in the heart of the Back Bay. In November 2006, The Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, subsidiary of the India-based Tata Group, entered into a definitive agreement to purchase The Ritz-Carlton Boston from its current owners, Millennium Partners. The $170 million transaction is scheduled to close on January 11, 2007. Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces operates 75 hotels across the world. The Ritz-Carlton Boston will be renamed the Taj Boston upon closing the purchase. The existing Ritz-Carlton Boston Common is expected to be renamed Ritz-Carlton Boston. 2000 and beyond From 2001 to 2007 Boston was home to two Ritz-Carlton hotels that faced each other on Boston Common. The Ritz-Carlton Boston Common Hotel opened in 2001. In November 2006 The Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, India luxury hotel group entered into an agreement to purchase the original 1927 Ritz-Carlton Boston from its current owners, Millennium Partners, for $170 Million. The Ritz-Carlton name was not sold to Taj Hotels. The Ritz-Carlton Boston was renamed Taj Boston on Jan. 11, 2007. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC has announced its first hotel in India. The property is slated to open in Bangalore in 2007. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company In 1983, the original hotel and the brand were sold to The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, L. L. C. , based in Atlanta, Georgia which began expansion of the brand to other locations. The company grew to become the hospitality leader in the US under the leadership of Horst Schulze. His strong conviction of customer loyalty and emphasis on a value/mission driven philosophy for the â€Å"Ladies and Gentleman serving Ladies and Gentleman† became a benchmark in the industry that other companies aspired yet never reached. In 1995, Marriott International purchased a 49% stake in The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company and in 1998 purchased an additional 50% stake in the company giving it 99% ownership of the company. The company is now headquartered in Chevy Chase, Maryland, located in the Washington, D. C. MSA. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company partnered with Bulgari in 2001 to operate a chain of hotels owned by and operated under the Bulgari brand. Simon Cooper joined Ritz-Carlton in 2001 as President and Chief Operating Officer taking the helm from Horst Schulze. Cooper’s mandate was to grow the chain through hotel expansion and product diversification. Under Cooper’s watch the company has aggressively expanded its hotels and has added The Residences at The Ritz-Carlton (private residential units) as well as The Ritz-Carlton Club (fractional ownership residences) to the company’s new development program. How to cite Historic overview, Papers

Justices Rule Human Genes cannot be Patented

The article, titled â€Å"Justices Rule Human Genes cannot be Patented†, reports a ruling by the United States Supreme Court on a case between Myriad Genetics and other stakeholders who were fighting against Myriad’s claim for exclusive rights to patent human genes. The main point of the article, it seems, is that human genetic material cannot be patented because it is a product of nature rather than nurture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Justices Rule Human Genes cannot be Patented specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article, by quoting the justices of the Supreme Court, stresses that although scientists and biotechnologists may have the capacity to isolate the gene from the genetic material and use this break-through technology to prevent various diseases such as breast and ovarian cancer, they cannot claim patents for making the gene itself as this process occurs naturally. In view of this poi nt, the Supreme Court denied Myriad Genetics the exclusive rights to patent and own human genes, and stressed the fact that genes and the information they encode are not patent-eligible simply because a company has succeeded in isolating the genes from the surrounding genetic material. The article is from a credible source as it has been published in a respected newspaper. Editors of newspapers such as USA Today always ensure the authenticity of content before publishing. Additionally, the author of the article often makes mention of his sources of information, further reinforcing the article’s credibility. All the facts included in the article directly support the ruling that human genetic material cannot be patented because it is a product of nature rather than nurture. For instance, it has been demonstrated how the health and wellbeing of breast and ovarian cancer patients will be jeopardized by monopolizing the human genes through giving one company exclusive patent right s. Arguably, the cost of seeking for treatment for such forms of cancer will definitely go up in spite of the fact that scientists have already identified the gene that normally dysfunction to trigger cancerous tumors. Another supporting fact that has been explained in the article is that patenting of human genes may also limit research activities and advances in human genetics. Additionally, it has been acknowledged that genes and the information they encode are naturally occurring and hence no single individual or organization can claim a patent for their existence or perceived discovery. In short, genes and the information they encode cannot be termed as products of innovation.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my view, there was no notable bias from the author of this article which is worth mentioning. Indeed, the researcher does well to balance the positive and the negati ve sides of the Supreme Court ruling. The positive elements have already been discussed in this paper. However, on the negative elements, the author notes the historic ruling may create precedence whereby other biotechnology companies will be objecting to making huge investments in research due to incapacity to own the patents to protect their scientific discoveries. This is a valid concern that warrants closer scrutiny. Overall, the major learning outcome is that human genes are naturally occurring and hence cannot be patented by any individual or organization. The second learning outcome is that genetic research is critical in dealing with the rampant cases of breast and ovarian cancer witnessed in the society today. Lastly, the idea of patenting scientific discoveries and the limits that one can go has been well explicated in the article. This essay on Justices Rule Human Genes cannot be Patented was written and submitted by user Audriana K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.